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Wajib bil-Ghayr: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox philosophical term | {{Infobox philosophical term | ||
| name = Wajib bil-Ghayr | | name = Wajib bil-Ghayr | ||
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'''Wājib bil-Ghayr''' (Arabic: الواجب بالغير, Persian: واجب بالغیر), meaning "necessary by the other," is a foundational term in [[Islamic philosophy]], particularly in [[ontology]] and [[causality]]. It denotes an entity whose existence is necessary not by virtue of its own essence, but due to an external factor (its [[efficient cause]]). This term stands in contrast to "[[Wajib al-Wujud|Wājib bil-Dhāt]]" (Necessary by itself) and is primarily applied to contingent beings (''mumkināt''), which are possible in themselves but become necessary in external reality due to their dependence on a [[Four causes|complete cause]].<ref>''Badāyi‘ al-Ḥikma'', vol. 1, p. 45; ''Sharḥ Ḥikmat al-Ishrāq'' (Shahrazūrī), vol. 1, p. 77; ''Majmū‘a Muṣannafāt Shaykh al-Ishrāq'', vol. 2, p. 28.</ref> | '''Wājib bil-Ghayr''' (Arabic: الواجب بالغير, Persian: واجب بالغیر), meaning "necessary by the other," is a foundational term in [[Islamic philosophy]], particularly in [[ontology]] and [[causality]]. It denotes an entity whose existence is necessary not by virtue of its own essence, but due to an external factor (its [[efficient cause]]). This term stands in contrast to "[[Wajib al-Wujud|Wājib bil-Dhāt]]" (Necessary by itself) and is primarily applied to contingent beings (''mumkināt''), which are possible in themselves but become necessary in external reality due to their dependence on a [[Four causes|complete cause]].<ref>''Badāyi‘ al-Ḥikma'', vol. 1, p. 45; ''Sharḥ Ḥikmat al-Ishrāq'' (Shahrazūrī), vol. 1, p. 77; ''Majmū‘a Muṣannafāt Shaykh al-Ishrāq'', vol. 2, p. 28.</ref> | ||